Tag: christ

Counting the Cost of Comfort (Matthew 8:19-20)

In the hustle and bustle of Jesus’ ministry, as crowds gathered, drawn by his authoritative teaching and miraculous signs, it’s easy to imagine the excitement in the air. This was a movement unlike any other. It was in this charged atmosphere that a man, an expert in religious law, stepped forward with a bold declaration. His words, recorded in Matthew’s Gospel, seem to be the perfect pledge of allegiance.

“Then one of the teachers of religious law said to him, ‘Teacher, I will follow you wherever you go.'” (Matthew 8:19)

An image of a fox emerging from a hole in the ground, generated by Grok AI 

On the surface, this is an exemplary statement. The man, a scribe, was a respected member of society, educated and influential. For him to publicly address Jesus as ‘Teacher’ and pledge to follow him anywhere was a significant commitment. He didn’t offer to follow Jesus to the next town or for a few weeks; his was an open-ended promise: “wherever you go.” It was zealous, unconditional, and exactly the kind of response we might think Jesus was looking for.

Yet, Jesus’ reply is startling. It’s not a warm welcome or a word of encouragement. Instead, it’s a sobering dose of reality.

A Different Kind of King

Jesus’ response bypasses the man’s enthusiasm and cuts directly to the core of what it means to be his disciple. He uses a simple, poignant illustration from the natural world to make his point.

“But Jesus replied, ‘Foxes have dens to live in, and birds have nests, but the Son of Man has no place even to lay his head.'” (Matthew 8:20)

Let’s unpack this profound statement. Jesus observes that even common wild animals have a place of refuge. Foxes have their dens, a place of security and shelter. Birds have their nests, a home to raise their young. These creatures possess a fundamental stability that every living thing craves.

Jesus, however, claims to have less. He identifies himself as the “Son of Man”—a title rich with theological meaning, pointing to both his humanity and his divine authority as the figure from Daniel’s prophecy (Daniel 7:13-14). Yet this heavenly figure, the King of an eternal kingdom, lives as an itinerant. He has no permanent address, no earthly home to call his own, no place of consistent comfort.

What is Jesus truly telling this aspiring follower? He is explaining that the path of discipleship is not a route to earthly security, comfort, or social standing. To follow the Son of Man is to follow a homeless King whose kingdom is not of this world. The scribe was likely accustomed to a life of relative comfort and respectability. Following Jesus would mean surrendering all of it. Jesus doesn’t question the man’s sincerity, but he does challenge his understanding. He forces him—and us—to count the cost.

Our True Home and Security

This brief exchange contains a vital lesson for anyone who seeks to follow Christ today. It calls us to examine our own motives and expectations. It’s easy to be drawn to the wonderful promises of the gospel—forgiveness, peace, and eternal life—without fully appreciating the nature of the one who gives them.

Our culture relentlessly pursues comfort and security. We build our lives around stable careers, comfortable homes, and secure finances. These things are not inherently wrong, but Jesus’ words force us to ask a difficult question: Is our ultimate security found in these things, or is it found in him?

Following Jesus “wherever he goes” will inevitably lead us out of our comfort zones. It may not mean literal homelessness, but it certainly means holding loosely to the things of this world. It means prioritising the values of his kingdom—justice, mercy, humility, and love—over the pursuit of personal comfort and wealth. It requires a fundamental reordering of our affections, where Christ himself, not the blessings he can provide, becomes our greatest treasure.

The great paradox of this passage is that the Son of Man, who had no place to lay his head, is the only one who can offer us a true and eternal home. His homelessness was a necessary part of his mission to secure for us a permanent dwelling with God. He willingly gave up all earthly comfort and security, ultimately giving up his very life on the cross, so that we might be welcomed into his Father’s house (John 14:2-3).

Therefore, when we feel the call to follow him, we must do so with our eyes wide open. The path may not be easy or comfortable. It requires a willingness to detach from the false securities of this world. But in losing our life for his sake, we find it. In him, and him alone, we find our true security, our lasting refuge, and our eternal home.

The Richness Within: Christ, Chorus and Christian Community (Colossians 3:16)

The Christian life is not meant to be lived in isolation. While personal devotion and individual faith are vital, the New Testament consistently paints a picture of a vibrant, interconnected community. The Apostle Paul, writing to the church in Colossae, provides a powerful and practical instruction that sits at the very heart of what a healthy church community should look like. In one verse, he summarises the input, the output, and the attitude of a life centred on Jesus Christ.

He writes: “Let the message about Christ, in all its richness, fill your lives. Teach and admonish one another with all wisdom. And sing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs to God with thankful hearts.” (Colossians 3:16).

This verse offers a profound blueprint for corporate Christian living. Let’s break it down to understand its meaning and apply its wisdom.

The Foundation: The Rich Message of Christ

Paul begins with the foundation: “Let the message about Christ, in all its richness, fill your lives.” The Greek word for “fill” here is enoikeō, which suggests a permanent indwelling, like someone making their home within you. This is not a fleeting thought or a casual acquaintance with the gospel. Paul is urging the Colossians—and us—to allow the truth about Jesus Christ to so thoroughly permeate our being that it becomes the defining feature of our inner world.

What is this “message about Christ”? It is the gospel—the good news of His life, death, resurrection, and ascension. It is the announcement that through faith in Him, sinners are reconciled to a holy God. This message is described as having “richness.” It is not a simple, one-dimensional idea but a deep, multifaceted truth with endless depths to explore. It encompasses all of Scripture, which ultimately points to Christ. To let this message dwell in us richly means to be people who are saturated in the Bible. It informs our thinking, shapes our desires, and governs our actions. This is the starting point for everything else; a church community cannot function as God intends without a shared, deep-rooted commitment to the Word of God.

The Interaction: Teaching and Admonishing

From this foundation of a word-filled life, a specific kind of community interaction flows. Paul continues, “Teach and admonish one another with all wisdom.” This instruction is communal. The rich message of Christ isn’t just for personal benefit; it is designed to be shared and worked out in the context of fellowship.

“Teaching” involves the positive instruction and explanation of God’s Word. It is helping one another to understand biblical doctrine, the character of God, and the implications of the gospel for everyday life. This is a responsibility for all believers, not just designated leaders. In our conversations, we can build each other up by discussing what we are learning from Scripture.

“Admonishing,” on the other hand, carries the sense of a gentle warning or correction. It is the loving act of helping a fellow believer see where their life might be straying from the path laid out in God’s Word. This is never to be done from a position of pride or superiority but “with all wisdom.” This wisdom is not merely human cleverness; it is a divine insight, itself a gift from God, that is rooted in the “message about Christ” dwelling within us. When the Word fills us, we are better equipped to speak truth in love, both to instruct and to correct, for the mutual good of the community.

The Expression: Thankful Worship

The final part of the verse points to the ultimate expression of a community saturated in the Word: worship. “And sing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs to God with thankful hearts.”

Notice the source of this singing: it flows from a heart where the message of Christ dwells richly. It is the natural overflow of a life transformed by grace. When we truly grasp the richness of what Christ has done for us, gratitude is the inevitable response. Our worship, then, is not an empty ritual or a performance; it is a genuine expression of thankfulness to God.

Paul mentions three types of songs:

  • Psalms: These are likely the Old Testament psalms, a rich repository of prayers and praises that cover the full spectrum of human emotion and experience.
  • Hymns: These were likely songs of praise directed towards God and Christ, perhaps early Christian compositions.
  • Spiritual songs: This is a broader category that could encompass any song prompted by the Holy Spirit, focusing on spiritual themes.

The variety suggests a freedom and richness in corporate worship. The key, however, is not the style of the music but the state of the heart: “with thankful hearts.” Gratitude is the hallmark of a believer who understands the gospel. It is the fuel for authentic worship and the beautiful, audible expression of a life filled with the message of Christ.

In essence, Colossians 3:16 provides a clear and compelling vision. We are to be people who immerse ourselves in the Scriptures. This deep knowledge should then lead to a community life of mutual encouragement, teaching, and loving correction. The culmination of this is a life marked by joyful and heartfelt worship, all rooted in profound thankfulness for the incredible richness of the gospel.

A Sobering Tale: Five Key Lessons from 1 Kings 13

The Old Testament contains some passages that are strange, difficult, and deeply unsettling. The story found in 1 Kings 13 is certainly one of them. It tells of a “man of God” from Judah, an apostate king, an old prophet, a lie, and a tragic death by a lion.

The narrative can be confusing, but it holds powerful and timeless truths for us today. When we examine this sobering account, we can draw out at least five crucial lessons about God, His Word, and ourselves.

An AI generated image of a lion and a donkey standing on a pathway with some green hills in the background 

The Historical Background

To properly understand this chapter, we need to know what just happened in Israel. After the death of King Solomon, his son Rehoboam’s foolishness caused the kingdom to split in two. The southern kingdom, Judah, remained loyal to the line of David. The ten northern tribes, however, broke away to form the kingdom of Israel under a new king, Jeroboam.

Jeroboam feared that if his people continued to travel south to the temple in Jerusalem to worship, their hearts would eventually return to the king of Judah. To consolidate his power, he committed a terrible act of spiritual rebellion: he established a new, state-sponsored religion.

And the king took counsel and made two calves of gold. And he said to the people, “You have gone up to Jerusalem long enough. Behold your gods, O Israel, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.” And he set one in Bethel, and the other he put in Dan.

1 Kings 12:28-29 (ESV)

The events of 1 Kings 13 are God’s direct and dramatic response to this national idolatry, beginning with a confrontation at the pagan altar in Bethel.

1. God’s Revealed Word is Final

The central lesson of the chapter revolves around the authority of God’s Word. The man of God from Judah received a very clear set of instructions for his mission.

For so was it commanded me by the word of the LORD, saying, ‘You shall eat no bread or drink water, nor return by the way that you came.’

1 Kings 13:9 (ESV)

He showed immense courage in obeying this, standing up to a king. His downfall occurred when he accepted a “new” word from an old prophet.

But he lied to him.

1 Kings 13:18 (ESV)

The man of God chose to believe this new revelation over the clear command he had already received directly from the LORD. This serves as a vital warning for us: God’s revealed Word is our ultimate authority. We must not allow personal experiences, emotional appeals, or even claims of angelic messages from others to contradict what God has already made plain in Scripture.

2. Obedience Matters Deeply to God

The judgement on the man of God seems incredibly harsh—he is killed by a lion for eating a meal. However, this demonstrates how seriously God takes obedience to His commands. The prophet’s disobedience was not a minor slip-up; it publicly undermined the very authority by which he had just condemned the king.

While they were eating, the old prophet was compelled to pronounce God’s judgement on the man he had deceived.

…because you have disobeyed the word of the LORD and have not kept the command that the LORD your God commanded you… your body shall not come to the tomb of your fathers.

1 Kings 13:21-22 (ESV)

The story reminds us that God is holy, and His instructions are not mere suggestions. While our salvation is by grace, our walk with God is one of obedience, which honours Him and serves as a testament to His authority.

3. The Deceitfulness of the Human Heart

This chapter puts human sinfulness on full display, showing that no one is immune.

  • King Jeroboam lives in open, defiant sin. When his hand withers as a sign of judgement, he is humbled enough to ask for healing, but he never repents of his idolatry.
  • The old prophet is perhaps the most troubling character. He uses God’s name to tell a deliberate lie, leading his fellow prophet into a fatal trap.
  • The man of God, despite his initial faithfulness and courage in the face of a king, shows he is capable of being deceived and persuaded into disobedience.

This story serves as a mirror, reminding us that sin is a constant danger. It can be found in open rebellion, in subtle deception, and in the failure to hold fast to God’s truth.

4. God’s Purpose Cannot Be Thwarted

Despite the catalogue of human failure in this chapter, God’s sovereign plan is perfectly accomplished. The prophecy against the altar at Bethel, delivered by the man of God, was the main point, and it did not fail.

And the man cried against the altar by the word of the LORD and said, “O altar, altar, thus says the LORD: ‘Behold, a son shall be born to the house of David, Josiah by name, and he shall sacrifice on you the priests of the high places who make offerings on you, and human bones shall be burned on you.’” And he gave a sign the same day, saying, “This is the sign that the LORD has spoken: ‘Behold, the altar shall be torn down, and the ashes that are on it shall be poured out.’”

1 Kings 13:2-3 (ESV)

This prophecy saw its ultimate fulfilment centuries later under King Josiah (2 Kings 23:15-18). God’s ultimate purposes are never frustrated by human weakness or sin. His Word will accomplish what He sends it to do.

5. A Story That Points Us to Jesus

After reading such a tragic story of failure, we are left to wonder where the hope is. The failure of the man of God highlights our own weakness and our need for a better Prophet, one who never fails.

This is where the story points us to Jesus Christ. Jesus is the perfect Prophet who was tempted in every way, yet never sinned. He held fast to His Father’s word in the face of threats, flattery, and immense suffering. Where this unnamed prophet failed in his obedience, Jesus succeeded perfectly.

This chapter, in all its darkness, ultimately pushes us away from trusting in any human figure and toward a deeper trust in Christ, whose perfect obedience is the only true foundation for our hope.

Blessed (Psalm one) transcription 

Two Paths, One Choice: The Secret to a Truly Blessed Life

We all want to be blessed, don’t we? If I asked you to raise your hand if you’d like a blessed life, I’m sure most of us would say yes. But here’s a tougher question to ponder in your heart: are you willing to do what it takes to be blessed?

It’s a bit like me saying I’d love to play the violin. I adore the sound and the idea of playing it is wonderful. But have I ever taken a lesson or even picked one up? No. My desire to play doesn’t match my willingness to put in the effort. When it comes to living a blessed life, we don’t want to have the same disconnect.

The book of Psalms opens with a beautiful and foundational poem, Psalm 1, which lays out two distinct paths: the path of the blessed and the path of the wicked. It’s a short, clear-cut psalm that serves as a gateway to the rest of this incredible book of poetry and prayer. Let’s explore what it teaches us about how to live a truly blessed life.

The Path to Avoid

The psalm begins by telling us what the blessed person doesn’t do.

Blessed is the one
who does not walk in step with the wicked
or stand in the way that sinners take
or sit in the company of mockers.Psalm 1:1 (NIV)

This verse paints a picture of progressive entanglement with ungodliness. It’s about being careful where we get our advice, who we associate with, and what influences we allow into our hearts and minds.

  • Walking with the wicked: This is about the counsel we follow. When the Bible uses the word “wicked,” it doesn’t just mean history’s most monstrous figures. It often refers to the “ungodly”—those who live without reference to God. The world’s wisdom and God’s wisdom are often at odds. If we want to be blessed, we must seek godly counsel, not the advice of a world that doesn’t know Him.
  • Standing with sinners: This speaks of association. Imagine a group of people up to no good on a street corner. The psalmist warns us not to “hang out” with them, not to throw our lot in with those whose actions and lifestyles lead away from God.
  • Sitting with mockers: This is about allegiance. In a world that often makes fun of faith, God, and the church, we are called not to join in. We shouldn’t align ourselves with those who ridicule the things of God.

The apostle Paul sums it up perfectly: “Do not be misled: ‘Bad company corrupts good character.’” (1 Corinthians 15:33, NIV). We must be intentional about the people, media, and ideas we allow to shape us.

The Path to Pursue

After telling us what to avoid, the psalmist immediately shows us the alternative—the positive pursuit of the blessed person.

but whose delight is in the law of the LORD,
and who meditates on his law day and night.Psalm 1:2 (NIV)

Instead of being shaped by the world, the blessed person is shaped by the Word of God.

  • Delight in God’s Law: Do you delight in the Bible? It’s a challenging question. Sometimes, reading Scripture can feel more like going to the gym—we know it’s good for us, but we don’t always feel like it. The psalmist encourages a different attitude: approaching God’s Word like a delicious meal we can’t wait to enjoy. It should be our source of wisdom, comfort, and joy.
  • Meditate Day and Night: Biblical meditation isn’t about emptying your mind, as in some Eastern practices. It’s about filling your mind with God’s truth. The Hebrew word for “meditate” can also mean “to mutter.” It’s the idea of repeating Scripture to yourself, mulling it over, and chewing on it like a cow chews the cud. This isn’t about speed-reading chapters to tick a box; it’s about letting a single verse sink deep into your soul.

To be blessed, we must be students of the Word, giving it priority in our lives day and night.

The Result: A Tree, Not Chaff

The psalm gives us two powerful images to show the outcome of these two paths. The blessed person is described in this beautiful way:

That person is like a tree planted by streams of water,
which yields its fruit in season
and whose leaf does not wither—
whatever they do prospers.Psalm 1:3 (NIV)

This is a picture of stability, health, and fruitfulness. Rooted in God’s Word, the blessed person has a constant source of nourishment. As a result, they produce good fruit—the “fruit of the Spirit” that Paul describes as “love, joy, peace, forbearance, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and self-control” (Galatians 5:22-23, NIV).

In stark contrast, the wicked are described as follows:

Not so the wicked!
They are like chaff
that the wind blows away.Psalm 1:4 (NIV)

Chaff is the light, worthless husk that is separated from the valuable grain during threshing. It has no roots, no substance, and is easily blown away. This is the ultimate end for a life lived apart from God—it lacks true stability and purpose and will not withstand God’s final judgement.

The Ultimate Source of Blessing

So, is the message of Psalm 1 simply “follow these rules and you’ll earn God’s blessing”? Not quite. This is where the gospel turns everything on its head in the most wonderful way.

The Old Testament law, including the standard set in Psalm 1, showed humanity that we couldn’t be “blessed” on our own. Our hearts are sick with sin. We fail to keep the standard perfectly. We need a saviour.

That Saviour is Jesus. He lived the perfect “Psalm 1 life.” He perfectly delighted in God’s law, never walked with the wicked, stood with sinners, or sat with mockers. He earned the blessing. Yet on the cross, He took the punishment—the curse—that we deserved.

This means that our blessing isn’t earned by our actions, but is received as a gift through faith in Jesus. As Paul writes:

Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in the heavenly realms with every spiritual blessing in Christ.Ephesians 1:3 (NIV)

Notice the past tense: He has blessed us. If you are in Christ, you are already blessed with every spiritual blessing, including forgiveness, justification, and adoption.

So, why do we follow the path outlined in Psalm 1? We don’t do these things to get blessed; we do them because we are blessed. Because Jesus has changed our hearts, we now want to delight in God’s Word. Because His Spirit lives in us, we now want to turn away from the path of the wicked. Our new life is a joyful response to the incredible blessing we have already received in Him.

The path to a blessed life isn’t found in ticking boxes, but in trusting Jesus. When you are in Him, He begins to transform you, and a fruitful, stable, and truly blessed life is the beautiful result.

Blessed (Psalm 1)

Please see below a recording of a sermon I gave this morning on the first psalm. Thanks to everyone at church and hope you enjoy the message.

Understanding God’s Will in the Face of Suffering: Acts 21 and the Prophecy of Agabus

In Acts 21, we encounter a striking moment where the apostle Paul, guided by the Holy Spirit towards Jerusalem, receives a sobering prophecy about his future. This passage raises important questions about the nature of prophecy, human response to divine will, and the tension between well-meaning counsel and obedience to God’s calling.

A simple black leather belt with silver buckle resting on a white surface 

The Prophecy of Agabus (Acts 21:10-14, ESV)

“While we were staying for many days, a prophet named Agabus came down from Judea. And coming to us, he took Paul’s belt and bound his own feet and hands and said, ‘Thus says the Holy Spirit, “This is how the Jews at Jerusalem will bind the man who owns this belt and deliver him into the hands of the Gentiles.”’ When we heard this, we and the people there urged him not to go up to Jerusalem. Then Paul answered, ‘What are you doing, weeping and breaking my heart? For I am ready not only to be imprisoned but even to die in Jerusalem for the name of the Lord Jesus.’ And since he would not be persuaded, we ceased and said, ‘Let the will of the Lord be done.’”

This passage follows Paul’s earlier declaration in Acts 20:22-24 (ESV):

“And now, behold, bound by the Spirit, I am going to Jerusalem, not knowing what will happen to me there, except that the Holy Spirit testifies to me in every city that imprisonment and afflictions await me. But I do not account my life of any value nor as precious to myself, if only I may finish my course and the ministry that I received from the Lord Jesus, to testify to the gospel of the grace of God.”

1. The Nature of Agabus’ Prophecy

Agabus, a prophet from Judea, delivered a message from the Holy Spirit using symbolic action—a method reminiscent of Old Testament prophets (e.g., Ezekiel’s enacted prophecies in Ezekiel 4-5). His prophecy was predictive, not prescriptive: it revealed what would happen, not necessarily what Paul should do.

Some prophecies in Scripture are conditional, offering warnings that may be averted through repentance (e.g., Jonah’s message to Nineveh). However, Agabus’ words carried no hint of conditionality—they were a straightforward declaration of future events. This raises the question: if the prophecy was certain, why did the believers urge Paul to avoid Jerusalem?

2. The Believers’ Response: Love vs. God’s Will

The disciples, including Luke (the author of Acts), pleaded with Paul not to go. Their reaction was natural:

  • They loved Paul and did not want him to suffer.
  • They may have misinterpreted the prophecy as a warning rather than a confirmation of God’s plan.

This mirrors Peter’s reaction in Matthew 16:22 (ESV) when Jesus foretold His crucifixion:

“Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him, saying, ‘Far be it from you, Lord! This shall never happen to you.’”
Jesus’ response was sharp: “Get behind me, Satan! You are a hindrance to me. For you are not setting your mind on the things of God, but on the things of man.” (Matthew 16:23, ESV).

Similarly, the believers in Acts 21 were operating from human concern, not divine perspective. Their intentions were good, but their advice, if followed, would have diverted Paul from God’s purpose.

3. Paul’s Resolve: Embracing Suffering for Christ

Paul’s response was unwavering:

  • He was “ready not only to be imprisoned but even to die” (Acts 21:13).
  • He saw his suffering as part of his calling (Acts 20:24; Philippians 1:20-21).

His attitude reflects Jesus’ words in Luke 9:23-24 (ESV):

“If anyone would come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross daily and follow me. For whoever would save his life will lose it, but whoever loses his life for my sake will save it.”

Paul understood that obedience to God sometimes requires embracing hardship. His journey to Jerusalem was not reckless defiance but faithful surrender.

4. Lessons for Discerning God’s Will Today

This passage offers key principles for Christians facing difficult decisions:

  • Prophecy Reveals, But Does Not Always Direct
    Agabus’ prophecy confirmed what awaited Paul, but it did not instruct him to avoid it. Likewise, God may reveal challenges ahead without necessarily calling us to evade them.
  • Well-Meaning Counsel Must Be Weighed Against God’s Word
    The believers’ pleas were heartfelt, but Paul prioritised the Spirit’s leading. Proverbs 3:5-6 (ESV) reminds us:

“Trust in the Lord with all your heart, and do not lean on your own understanding. In all your ways acknowledge him, and he will make straight your paths.”

  • Suffering May Be Part of God’s Plan
    Scripture repeatedly associates faithfulness with endurance (Romans 5:3-5; 1 Peter 4:12-13). Avoiding suffering is not always the godliest choice.

Conclusion: “Let the Will of the Lord Be Done”

The believers’ final words—“Let the will of the Lord be done” (Acts 21:14)—mark their submission to God’s higher purpose. Paul’s example challenges us to:

  • Seek God’s perspective over comfort.
  • Trust that His plans, even when painful, are purposeful.
  • Remain steadfast when well-meaning advice conflicts with divine calling.

In a world that prioritises safety and self-preservation, Paul’s resolve reminds us that the greatest fulfilment lies in surrendering to God’s will—whatever the cost.

It is always wise to listen to godly Council. The people who care about us, will naturally not want us to come to harm. We would not be sensible to simply ignore their love or advice. This is especially true on making a big decision, or one that potentially leads us down a dangerous path.

At the end of the day though, we are answerable only to God. If he is instructing us to do something, and the entire rest of the world is telling us not to, then of course we must follow him. God over man.

The most difficult part, for me at least, is discerning God’s will. Few of us will receive a clear prophecy as Paul did in today’s passage, so we must always be cautious to follow God’s will carefully. We all want a neon sign telling us which way to go, but for the most part, we are to study and understand the Bible and discern gods will from that alone.

Using appropriate wisdom and discernment, all any of us can do is try to follow God to the best of our ability. 

An Introduction to Systematic Theology… By AI

I was thinking about the subject of theological training this afternoon, and was using AI tools to understand the contents of different masters degrees. As part of that conversation, I asked for an essay on an introduction to systematic theology… And the following is what the tool produced.

My assumption is that the theologian who supposedly authored this piece is fictitious… But I’ve left the name in just in case!

I thought it was an interesting read, so decided to share it with you here. 

An Introduction to Systematic Theology: A Beginner’s Guide

By Dr. Jonathan H. Blackwell
Professor of Reformed Theology

Introduction

Systematic theology is one of the most important disciplines in Christian study, yet it is often misunderstood or overlooked by beginners. At its core, systematic theology seeks to organize and articulate the teachings of Scripture in a coherent, logical, and comprehensive manner. Unlike biblical theology, which traces the progressive revelation of God’s truth throughout redemptive history, systematic theology categorizes doctrine under major headings (e.g., God, man, Christ, salvation) to present a unified understanding of the Christian faith.

For the Reformed tradition, systematic theology is not merely an academic exercise but a devotional endeavor—a way of knowing God more deeply and worshiping Him more fully. As the Westminster Shorter Catechism (Q&A 1) states, “Man’s chief end is to glorify God and to enjoy Him forever.” Theology, rightly pursued, serves that very purpose.

This essay will introduce the basics of systematic theology, its importance, its structure, and how it differs from other theological disciplines. By the end, the reader should have a foundational grasp of what systematic theology is and why it matters for every Christian.

1. What Is Systematic Theology?

A. Definition

Systematic theology can be defined as:

“The organized study of the doctrines of the Christian faith, derived from Scripture and arranged in a logical system that reflects the coherence of God’s revealed truth.”

Unlike devotional or topical studies, systematic theology seeks to present the whole counsel of God (Acts 20:27) in an orderly fashion, showing how each doctrine relates to the others.

B. Key Features

  1. Biblically Grounded – It is rooted in Scripture as the ultimate authority (2 Tim. 3:16-17).
  2. Logically Ordered – It arranges truths in a coherent structure (e.g., starting with God before discussing creation).
  3. Historically Informed – It engages with how the church has understood these truths throughout history.
  4. Practically Applied – It is not just theoretical but shapes how we live, worship, and evangelize.

C. Contrast with Other Theological Disciplines

  • Biblical Theology – Focuses on the unfolding story of redemption (e.g., covenant theology).
  • Historical Theology – Examines how doctrines developed over time (e.g., the Trinity in early church debates).
  • Practical Theology – Applies doctrine to ministry (e.g., preaching, counseling).
  • Philosophical Theology – Engages with philosophical questions related to faith (e.g., the problem of evil).

Systematic theology draws from all these disciplines but synthesizes them into a unified whole.

2. The Structure of Systematic Theology

Most systematic theologies follow a general outline, though the order may vary. A common Reformed approach is:

A. Prolegomena (Introduction to Theology)

This section addresses foundational questions:

  • What is theology?
  • What are the sources of theology (Scripture, reason, tradition, experience)?
  • How do we know truth? (Epistemology)

For Reformed thinkers, Scripture alone (Sola Scriptura) is the supreme authority, while tradition, reason, and experience serve in subordinate roles.

B. Theology Proper (The Doctrine of God)

The study of God’s nature and attributes:

  • The Trinity (One God in three persons)
  • God’s incommunicable attributes (eternity, omnipotence) vs. communicable attributes (love, holiness)
  • God’s decrees and sovereignty

This is the most critical section because all other doctrines flow from who God is.

C. Anthropology (The Doctrine of Man)

  • Creation in God’s image (Gen. 1:26-27)
  • The fall and original sin (Rom. 5:12)
  • Human nature (body, soul, free will)

Reformed theology emphasizes total depravity—that sin affects every part of man, rendering him unable to save himself.

D. Christology (The Doctrine of Christ)

  • The person of Christ (fully God and fully man)
  • The work of Christ (His life, death, resurrection)
  • The offices of Christ (Prophet, Priest, King)

The cross is central, with Reformed theology upholding penal substitutionary atonement—Christ bore God’s wrath in place of sinners.

E. Soteriology (The Doctrine of Salvation)

  • Election and predestination (Eph. 1:4-5)
  • Effectual calling, regeneration, faith, and repentance
  • Justification, sanctification, and glorification

The “Five Points of Calvinism” (TULIP) summarize the Reformed view of salvation.

F. Pneumatology (The Doctrine of the Holy Spirit)

  • The Spirit’s personhood and work
  • Regeneration and sanctification
  • Spiritual gifts and the filling of the Spirit

G. Ecclesiology (The Doctrine of the Church)

  • The nature and marks of the true church
  • Church government (elders, deacons)
  • Sacraments (baptism and the Lord’s Supper)

H. Eschatology (The Doctrine of Last Things)

  • The return of Christ
  • Resurrection, judgment, heaven, and hell
  • Millennial views (amillennialism, postmillennialism, premillennialism)

Reformed theology typically holds to amillennialism or postmillennialism, seeing Christ’s kingdom as spiritually present now.

3. Why Systematic Theology Matters

A. For Right Belief (Orthodoxy)

False teachings abound (Jude 3), and systematic theology guards against error by providing a clear framework.

B. For Worship

We cannot worship what we do not know. Theology leads to doxology (Rom. 11:33-36).

C. For Christian Living

Doctrine shapes ethics. For example:

  • God’s holiness → calls us to be holy (1 Pet. 1:16)
  • Christ’s sacrifice → motivates love for others (1 John 4:19)

D. For Evangelism and Apologetics

We must be able to “give a reason for the hope that is in [us]” (1 Pet. 3:15). Systematic theology equips us to defend and proclaim the faith.

4. How to Study Systematic Theology

For beginners, I recommend:

  1. Start with Scripture – Theology must be biblical.
  2. Use Sound Resources – Begin with summaries like:
  • Institutes of the Christian Religion (John Calvin)
  • Concise Theology (J.I. Packer)
  • Systematic Theology (Louis Berkhof)
  1. Engage with Creeds and Confessions – The Westminster Confession, Heidelberg Catechism, and Canons of Dort provide reliable summaries.
  2. Discuss with Others – Theology is meant to be lived out in the church.

Conclusion

Systematic theology is not just for scholars—it is for every Christian who desires to know God more deeply and live faithfully before Him. As we study, may we echo the prayer of Anselm:

“I do not seek to understand so that I may believe, but I believe so that I may understand.”

The goal of theology is not merely knowledge but worship, obedience, and joy in the God who has revealed Himself in Scripture. May this introduction inspire you to dive deeper into the riches of Christian doctrine, all for the glory of God.

Soli Deo Gloria.

Transcription: Misery into Hope (Micah 7: 1–10)

Good morning everyone. It’s certainly a warm one here in the UK today! While we might be longing for cooler weather, we’re also reminded of the profound shifts and changes we encounter, not just in climate, but in our spiritual journey. As we gather, let us open our hearts and minds to God’s Word.
Heavenly Father, we thank you for bringing us together this morning. We thank you for your word, we thank you for its truth, and we pray today, Lord, that you will help us to understand it. You will help us to apply it to our lives, and that through understanding it, Lord, we might live for you, that we might follow you more deeply. May you open our eyes and our hearts to your word this morning in Jesus’ name. Amen.
This morning, we continue our journey through the book of Micah, now in its final chapter, Micah 7. For those who may be joining us or need a quick recap, we’ve been exploring Micah’s prophecies for several months. Micah, a prophet from the 8th century BC, primarily spoke to the southern kingdom of Judah, though his messages often referenced the northern kingdom of Israel, which had already fallen to the Assyrian Empire. His ministry spanned the reigns of several kings, including Hezekiah.
As we delve into Micah’s prophecies, it’s important to remember that terms like “Judah” and “Israel” can sometimes refer to the people, the land, or even all of God’s people, requiring careful consideration of the context. Thankfully, today’s passage is a little more straightforward, though it begins with a stark and challenging tone.
Micah 7 presents a powerful contrast: misery into hope. Verses 1 to 6 paint a bleak picture of despair, while verses 7 to 10 offer a beacon of hope. Let’s begin by examining the first section.
Micah opens by declaring, “Woe is me!” or “I am miserable,” as some translations put it. Have you ever felt truly miserable or sad? We all have, haven’t we? Perhaps through grief, illness, or professional difficulties. While we’ve all experienced misery, I wonder how many of us would admit to feeling miserable for the reasons Micah expresses.
Micah’s misery stems from a profound spiritual barrenness he observes in his nation. He laments, “I am like one who gathers summer fruit at the time of the grape harvest. There is not a cluster of grapes to eat, none of the early figs I crave” (Micah 7:1, NIV). He is searching for ripe fruit, for the righteous and faithful, but finds none. The land is spiritually barren, devoid of integrity.
This imagery brings to mind Jesus’ encounter with the fig tree in Matthew 21. Seeing a fig tree with leaves, Jesus expected to find fruit. Finding none, he cursed it, and it withered from the root. Jesus’ action wasn’t arbitrary; it was a powerful critique of the religious leaders of his day. They presented an outward appearance of piety but bore no spiritual fruit. Similarly, Micah is looking for righteousness among his people, but finds a complete absence of it.
Verse 2 reveals the depth of the corruption: “The faithful have been swept from the land; there is no one upright. Everyone lies in wait to shed blood; they hunt each other with nets.” This paints a vivid picture of a society where people are actively preying on one another, using snares and traps, much like hunters seeking their prey. This is not a literal hunt, but a powerful metaphor for the deceit and malicious intent prevalent among the people.
The corruption extends to all levels of society. Verse 3 states, “Both hands are skilled at doing evil; the ruler demands gifts, the judge accepts bribes, and the powerful dictate what they desire—they all conspire together.” Micah describes a people so adept at wickedness that they can commit evil with either hand, demonstrating a complete moral depravity. Leaders, judges, and those in power are driven by self-interest and greed, exploiting the vulnerable for their own gain. This depiction, sadly, doesn’t always feel so distant from the world we inhabit today.
Even “the best of them are like a briar, the most upright worse than a thorn hedge” (Micah 7:4). This imagery warns that even those who appear respectable are dangerous and harmful, like sharp thorns that inflict injury upon approach. The pervasive wickedness means that righteousness is scarce, and even those who should offer guidance are corrupted.
Micah also notes that the people are oblivious to the impending judgment: “The day of your watchmen and your punishment has come; now is the time of your confusion” (Micah 7:4). Having witnessed the fall of the northern kingdom to Assyria, Micah understands that Judah’s continued sin will inevitably lead to God’s wrath and consequence.
The societal breakdown is so severe that trust is non-existent. “Do not trust a neighbour; put no confidence in a friend. Guard your mouth from her who lies in your embrace” (Micah 7:5). Micah’s words echo the sentiment of the X-Files’ famous catchphrase, “Trust no one.” Even within the closest relationships, betrayal lurks.
Verse 6 delivers a particularly poignant blow: “For a son dishonours his father, a daughter rises against her mother, a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law—a man’s enemies are the members of his own household.” This resonates with Jesus’ own words in Matthew 10 and Jeremiah 9, highlighting the painful division that can occur even within families when some choose to follow God and others do not. Micah’s world, like ours, is riddled with such painful realities.
It’s a truly bleak assessment, isn’t it? Micah’s misery is palpable, rooted in the deep sinfulness of his nation and the impending judgment. His words challenge us to consider whether we too feel moved by the sinfulness around us, both our own and that of our society.
But then, everything changes in verse 7. Micah pivots dramatically, turning from despair to an unshakeable hope:
Micah 7:1-10 (NIV):
1 What misery is mine!
I am like one who gathers summer fruit
at the time of the grape harvest.
There is not a cluster of grapes to eat,
none of the early figs I crave.
2 The faithful have been swept from the land;
there is no one upright.
Everyone lies in wait to shed blood;
they hunt each other with nets.
3 Both hands are skilled at doing evil;
the ruler demands gifts,
the judge accepts bribes,
and the powerful dictate what they desire—
they all conspire together.
4 The best of them is like a briar,
the most upright worse than a thorn hedge.
The day of your watchmen and your punishment has come;
now is the time of your confusion.
5 Do not trust a neighbour;
put no confidence in a friend.
Guard your mouth
from her who lies in your embrace.
6 For a son dishonours his father,
a daughter rises against her mother,
a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law—
a man’s enemies are the members of his own household.
7 But as for me, I wait in hope for the Lord;
I wait for God my Saviour;
my God will hear me.
8 Do not gloat over me, my enemy!
Though I have fallen, I will rise.
Though I sit in darkness,
the Lord will be my light.
9 Because I have sinned against him,
I will bear the Lord’s wrath,
until he pleads my case
and upholds my cause.
He will bring me out into the light;
I will see his righteousness.
10 Then my enemy will see it
and will be covered with shame—
she who said to me,
“Where is the Lord your God?”
My eyes will see her downfall;
she will be trampled underfoot
like mire in the streets.
Micah declares, “But as for me, I wait in hope for the Lord; I wait for God my Saviour; my God will hear me” (Micah 7:7). Even in the darkest hour, when trust in humanity is shattered, Micah places his unwavering confidence in God. He knows that despite the sin and impending judgment, God’s ultimate plan is one of rescue and restoration for His remnant.
Micah’s hope is not a passive waiting. This isn’t like waiting impatiently for a delayed train. This is an active, confident, and patient waiting, much like a dedicated waiting staff attentive to every need of their guests. It is a posture of faith that recognises God’s sovereignty and faithfulness.
Micah’s confession, “Because I have sinned against him, I will bear the Lord’s wrath, until he pleads my case and upholds my cause” (Micah 7:9), shows his awareness of personal and national sin. Yet, he believes that God will ultimately bring him “out into the light.” This foreshadows the ultimate rescue brought by Jesus Christ, who lived a perfect life, died for our sins, and through his resurrection, offers us hope and salvation.
Micah also foresees the downfall of God’s enemies: “Then my enemy will see it and will be covered with shame… My eyes will see her downfall; she will be trampled underfoot like mire in the streets” (Micah 7:10). This speaks to a future where God’s justice prevails, and those who oppose Him are ultimately defeated.
The contrast between Micah 7:1-6 and 7:7-10 is striking. The misery of a fallen world is met with the unwavering hope found in God. This powerful contrast should also be evident in the lives of believers. Our faith is not just a Sunday morning affair; it is a transformative commitment that permeates every aspect of our lives.
We are called to live differently, to be skilled in doing good, not evil. Our actions should bear fruit in keeping with repentance, turning away from sin and actively following Christ. It is not about earning our salvation, for that was bought and paid for by Jesus on the cross. Rather, it is a joyful response to the incredible rescue he has provided.
Let us examine our lives this week. In our everyday routines, are we walking alongside Jesus? Do our words and actions bring Him pleasure? This is not to create pressure, but to inspire a heartfelt response to His immense love and sacrifice. He rescued us, saved us from our sins, and paid the ultimate price.
Our verse for today is Micah 7:7: “But as for me, I wait in hope for the Lord; I wait for God my Saviour; my God will hear me.” In a world often shrouded in darkness, God is our light. As followers of Christ, let us shine that light for others who are lost and without hope. Let us be Jesus’ hands and feet, drawing others into the glorious hope found only in Him.
Father God, we thank you for your word and for Micah’s powerful message. We thank you, Lord, that even though it reminds us how dark the world can be, it also reminds us that you are our hope. When we fall, you lift us up. When we are in darkness, you are our light. We confess our sins before you and rejoice in your forgiveness. May we respond by bearing fruit in keeping with repentance, turning our backs on sin and living fully for you. May you have your rightful place in every aspect of our lives, big and small. Give us wisdom, encouragement, and strength as we enter the week ahead, that we might fully serve you and look to Christ for our hope and salvation. In Jesus’ name, Amen.

Misery into Hope (Micah 7:1–10)

It was a pleasure and an honour to preach at church yesterday we have been working our way through the book of Micah, and finally reached the last chapter.

The chapter opens with a rather bleak picture, but turns to the Lord in hope. You might find it helpful to read Micah 7: 1–10 before listening.

A cartoon image of a man hiding in a bush with a long butterfly net, ready to pounce 

Father’s Day: Reflecting on Earthly and Heavenly Fathers

Father’s Day is a time to honour the men who shape our lives with love and guidance. We celebrate this day with gratitude, reflecting on the role of fathers in our families. As Christians, we also look to God, our perfect Heavenly Father, who loves us unconditionally. Today, I deeply miss my late father, yet I am grateful for the example he set through his faithful life, and I find comfort in God’s eternal presence.

The Bible offers profound insights into fatherhood. Psalm 103:13 states, “As a father has compassion on his children, so the Lord has compassion on those who fear him.” This verse highlights God’s tender, steadfast love. Similarly, Matthew 7:11 teaches, “If you, then, though you are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your Father in heaven give good gifts to those who ask him!” These passages reveal God as the perfect Father, whose care surpasses even the best earthly fathers.

Not everyone has a positive father figure to celebrate. For some, Father’s Day may evoke pain or absence due to a father’s neglect or loss. In these moments, God promises to be a father to the fatherless. Psalm 68:5 declares, “A father to the fatherless, a defender of widows, is God in his holy dwelling.” No matter our circumstances, God offers love, protection, and guidance to all who seek Him. His perfect fatherhood is unchanging and available to everyone.

This Father’s Day, I feel the weight of my father’s absence. He passed away some years ago, and today, I miss him keenly. I am grateful for the life he lived—one marked by hard work and integrity. His example continues to guide me as a Christian and as a person. While my heart aches, I find solace in God’s fatherly love, which never fades.

For those missing their fathers or lacking a father figure, God’s embrace offers comfort. Isaiah 40:11 paints a vivid picture: “He tends his flock like a shepherd: He gathers the lambs in his arms and carries them close to his heart.” Yet, the Bible makes it clear that we can only approach this loving Father through Jesus Christ and His sacrifice. John 14:6 declares, “Jesus answered, ‘I am the way and the truth and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.’” To experience God’s fatherly love, we must surrender to Jesus, following Him as the only way to the Father.

As we mark Father’s Day, let us give thanks for the fathers who have blessed our lives and pray for those who find this day challenging. May they come to know God’s love by surrendering to Jesus, the only path to the Father. For me, this day blends gratitude for my father’s legacy with trust in God’s unchanging care. May we all find peace in following Christ to our Heavenly Father’s embrace.

True Treasure in righteousness (Proverbs 10:2) 

Proverbs 10:2 states: “Treasures gained by wickedness do not profit, but righteousness delivers from death” (ESV). This verse offers a profound contrast between the fleeting value of ill-gotten wealth and the enduring worth of righteousness. Its message remains vital today, guiding us to seek true treasure in a life aligned with God’s principles.

The verse highlights two paths: “treasures gained by wickedness” refers to wealth or success obtained through dishonest means—fraud, exploitation, or deceit. Such gains “do not profit,” meaning they are ultimately empty, unable to provide lasting security or fulfilment. In contrast, “righteousness delivers from death,” suggesting that a life of integrity and right standing with God offers true deliverance, both from spiritual ruin and the consequences of immoral choices. Righteousness, in this context, is more than moral uprightness; it is a state of being reconciled with God, living in harmony with His will.

Our real treasure lies in this righteousness. Unlike material wealth, which can be lost or devalued, righteousness brings eternal value. It reflects a heart aligned with God’s justice, compassion, and truth. For example, choosing honesty in business dealings, even at personal cost, builds trust and integrity that outlast temporary profits. Righteousness also means standing right before God, forgiven and restored through faith, which provides peace that no amount of money can buy.

Practically, Proverbs 10:2 challenges us to prioritise ethical living. In a world obsessed with success—whether through career, wealth, or status—it’s tempting to bend principles for gain. A professional might inflate their achievements to climb the corporate ladder, or a student might cheat to pass an exam. The verse warns that such choices lead to hollow victories, often with consequences like broken relationships or eroded self-worth. Instead, pursuing righteousness—through honest work, fair treatment of others, or humility—yields lasting rewards. It protects us from the “death” of guilt, shame, or ruined reputations and anchors us in God’s grace.

Righteousness as our treasure also transforms our perspective. Material wealth fades, but a life rooted in God’s righteousness endures, offering hope beyond this world. It’s a treasure that grows through acts of kindness, integrity, and devotion, enriching both the individual and their community.

In conclusion, Proverbs 10:2 reminds us that true profit lies in righteousness—being morally upright and in right standing with God. This treasure is only fully realised through a sustained relationship with Jesus Christ as our Lord and Saviour. Through Him, we find forgiveness, guidance, and the strength to live rightly, securing a reward that no earthly wealth can match.

Wise Sons, Foolish Children, and Worrying Parents (Proverbs 10:1)

“A wise son brings joy to his father, but a foolish son brings grief to his mother.”

Two parents sat on a large sofa cradling a newborn baby, looking very happy 

This proverb from the book of Proverbs cuts right to the chase about how a child’s actions profoundly affect their parents. When it speaks of a “wise” son, it’s not just about academic cleverness or quick wit. It refers to someone who consistently makes good choices, acts with integrity, and shows sound judgment in life. This kind of child brings immense happiness and a deep sense of pride to their father. Their thoughtful and responsible decisions reflect well on their upbringing, leading to positive outcomes that fill their parents with contentment.

Conversely, a “foolish” son is someone who acts impulsively, makes poor decisions, or disregards good counsel. Their actions often lead to negative consequences, causing distress, worry, and significant sadness, particularly for their mother. This isn’t about a lack of love, but the heavy emotional burden of witnessing a child stray from a path of well-being and purpose. It’s a challenging experience for any parent to see their child struggle due to misguided choices.

This ancient saying holds remarkable relevance in our modern lives. It serves as a potent reminder that our choices and behaviours have a tangible impact on those who care for us most deeply – our parents. It prompts us to consider: are our actions bringing joy or grief to those who have invested so much in our lives? It encourages us to cultivate wisdom – to seek understanding, exercise good judgment, and act with integrity in all we do.

For parents, this proverb also subtly underscores the profound and enduring nature of their role. Once you become a parent, you never stop being one. We parents often carry a deep-seated concern about how our children will turn out, a worry that can last a lifetime. This verse highlights that we have a tremendous influence in shaping our children’s character during their formative years. The values we instil, the guidance we provide, and the environment we create all contribute significantly to the development of their wisdom and moral compass.

However, as children grow up, they inevitably take responsibility for their own actions. While parental influence is vast, the ultimate choices made by adult children are their own. The proverb acknowledges this journey from parental guidance to individual accountability. Ultimately, Proverbs 10:1 offers a timeless principle: living wisely leads to a flourishing life, not just for the individual, but for their wider family circle, fostering a legacy of joy rather than sorrow.

The ultimate wisdom we hope our children cultivate is the wisdom to follow Christ.

Whether you are a parent or a child, or somewhere in between, make wise choices today which you will be happy with for a lifetime.